Realities In Macbeth Essay -- essays research papers

William Shakespeare wrote the play Macbeth in 1606. The play tells the story of a man who is so ambitious that he commits treason and murder. His actions are predicted by three â€Å"weird sisters†, and he is also encouraged by his wife, Lady Macbeth, to perform the evil acts that will result in his ultimate demise. Throughout the play the perception of Macbeth’s character and morality are quite different than the reality that the reader is ultimately confronted with.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Macbeth is initially presented to the reader as a hero. He has been fighting courageously alongside Duncan, his king, in defense of Scotland. When the king learns of Macbeth’s fearlessness and aggression in battle, he exclaims â€Å"O valiant cousin! Worthy gentleman!† (Act I ,Scene ii) The king then rewards Macbeth’s bravery and loyalty by bestowing upon him the title of Thane of Cawdor. Unfortunately Macbeth has ambitions of becoming the king himself. This brave hero then gives in to his ambitious desire by committing murder. In so doing we realize that Macbeth is, in reality, a coward. Lady Macbeth actually accuses him of being one because of his hesitation to kill the king. But the cowardliness is in the performance of the act, rather than in the reluctance to act. Duncan is not only Macbeth’s king and friend, he is also his distant cousin. Duncan trusts Macbeth as a family member and is very grateful for his loyalty. The king refers to Macbeth as â€Å"a gentleman on whom I built an absolut...

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One of these checks recently preformed was of a 67 year old patient who presented for a hysterectomy. She ended up with complications and subsequent treatment for these complications, all care was provided by Nightingale Community Hospital. Mistakes were made with this patients care and corrective actions will be taken. It is cases like these we strive to correct, in order to become â€Å"the hospital of choice for patients, employees, physicians, volunteers, and the community. † (Nightingale Community Hospital, p. ) In order to learn and grow from the mistakes made with our tracer patient, we must identify specific mistakes made and develop a corrective action plan to address the improvements we are going to make. According to the information provided by our tracer patient's worksheet, it was determined the patient presented for â€Å"librarianship hysterectomy that was converted to an open procedure due to excessive bleeding approximately five weeks prior to hospitalizing. † After examining our patient's worksheet, or fact sheet, a few items throughout their care with us was not up to standards.First mistake found was our tracer patient did not have an admissions assessment thin the 24-hour window, starting with the time of admissions. The tracer patient's physical was done over 72 hours after admission. Second, the staff reported completing a functional assessment but there was no documentation supporting this claim in her chart. Third, the nurse evaluated the need for an advance directive, found none to be present, and requested the family bring one with them. The family never followed through and did not provide it.Fourth, the nurses did not update the tracer patient's plan of care since the surgery, and this assessment was done 5 weeks after surgery upon re-admittance. Fifth, a pain assessment is supposed to be done within an hour after pain medications are given. The night before this assessment, the follow up was done over an hour after th e pain medication was distributed 4 times. Sixth, the tracer patient's oxygen tanks were not secured properly and her room's air vents were dirty. Seventh, the nurse was not able to explain range order or give a proper range in milliards.Eighth, hand off communication is poor when patient transfers units and or providers. The SD, OR nurse and PACIFIC nurses employed all evaluation tasks properly. As you can see, many steps required for safety were either incomplete or overlooked. In order to bring this tracer patient up to the standards of the Joint commission a corrective action plan needs to be made. For this assessment I am going to concentrate on the issues of medication range orders and communication during the hand off process.Medication range orders are very important because they can prevent over fusing and under dosing. Over dosing has obvious consequences or poisoning and even death, under dosing can lead to the patient Ewing in unnecessary pain. The hand – off proc ess is very important and was addressed in prior assessments. This is where most mistakes within a hospital take place. A hand-off can include when a patient goes from one department from another or even when there is Just a shift change.In our previous case, the disorientation or the hand off lead to one of Nightingale Community Hospital's patient's Tina, to be discharged to a parent who did not have custody of her, resulting in a sentinel event. 2. 1 . Nightingale Community Hospital needs to repeat the steps taken to evaluate the racer patient on a wider range of patients. They need to re-evaluate the care of at least 100 patients receiving general anesthesia and inpatient surgery within the last 60 days.This is an important step to take to make sure these mistakes were not made as an isolated incident and more as an over all hospital wide issue. Assuming these mistakes are typical to Nightingale Community Hospital, it should proceed with the following steps. 2. Nightingale Commun ity Hospital will concentrate on two specific failures: medication range orders and communication during hand off process. These areas need to be a priority because they have the greatest consequences. Poor communication leads to almost all patient issues and medication dosage can quickly lead to fatalities. . In regards to hand offs and transferring, the Joint commission requires â€Å"The hospital's process for hand-off communication provides for the opportunity for discussion between the giver and receiver of patient information. Note: Such information may include the patient's condition, care, treatment, medications, services, and any recent or anticipated changes to any of these. Anoint Commission, 2014, p. 1) As described in the tracer patients information, the hand-off preformed was â€Å"Disjointed hand-off process, inconsistent use of handcuff form. To correct this staff, specifically all nurses and transport staff, will be re-trained how to transfer patients. Executives and unit super visors will collaborate on making a check off list, including such items as patient condition review, care treatment, medications and services (as recommended by the Joint Commission), which the two providers who are handing off the patient will both initial and review. . After the executives and unit supervisors develop the check off lists for all departments, an online training session will be mandatory for all employees.It will followed with a brief in person review of all employees by their unit super visors within 30 days of the implementation and the results will be kept in all employee files. The people responsible for this issues are the nurses and the transport staff. A measure of success is going to be a check off list, which has specific questions both the send off person and the receiving staff will have to fill out. Both of the questionnaires will be filed in the patients chart and their will be a set for each hand off the patient encores throughout the d ay.The question air protocol will start in two weeks from today. This will go on for one week throughout the entire hospital. Each of the lead super visors for each division or floor will then compile these questionnaires, compile a report for each staff member and review the findings with the staff member within 20 days following the one week assessment. They will discuss what can be improved generally and what the employee needs to specifically irking, if anything. C. Similar actions will be taken for range order re-training.Range orders are â€Å"medications in which the medication does may vary over a prescribed range, depending on the patient status. † (, 2009, p. 2) The important of training for range orders is clear. If over dosed, a patient can be killed, and if under dosed, the patient is in pain. Again, the executives and department super visors will collaborate to create range order guidelines and a re-training program. Rather then having this training be an all st aff and employee requirement, range order training ill only be implemented with employees who distribute medications.Training should spread further then physicians and nurses, but also to Urn's aids and certified nursing staff. It is important for them to have this basic training, even through they are not changing the distribution amounts, but they will be better able to spot a mistake if they have further training. The people responsible for this action are all staff members who distribute the medications. The measurement of success is going to be an audit, done by the nursing lead for the day. The lead will audit all charts for he last two hours of each persons shift.The staff will not be informed of this audit. The lead will look over any medications passed to the patient. Calculate what the text book dosage range is, make sure what was given to the patient was within this range. The lead will have on week from tomorrow to start these audits. They will go on for one 24 hours per iod throughout the hospital. The leads will have one week to compile the data, and one week following to have the reviews with the staff. During the review and nurse will distribute a pamphlet overgrowing orange order dosing.

Dell vs. Apple Essay - 4538 Words

Michael Dell founded Dell in 1984 at the age of 19. Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak designed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976. As both companies continue to grow they have contributed to a wide impact on competiveness and efficiency towards strategic goals. Dell Computer Corporation is one of the most visible success stories in the computer market. By selling personal computers directly to customers over the Internet, offering a build-to-order sales system, and then linking suppliers, workers, managers, customers, and service personnel together on the Internet, Dell has built a series of rapid-response systems that have revolutionized organizational communication. Dell’s rapid-response systems have led to fear, admiration, and attempts at†¦show more content†¦Second, Dell has a rapid-response system for providing customer service. This interactive real-time communication system can be accessed by telephone or computer for personal or automated technical and customer sup port in dealing with computer problems. This service is toll free 24 hours a day, seven days a week throughout the world in multiple languages. Dell monitors these service interactions in order to construct maintenance profiles on each piece of equipment and the appropriate instructions for its use, and to develop appropriate repair sequences for each type of problem for use by its live and automated repair processes. Such profiles allow Dell to warn customers of potential problems, develop clear problem correction routines, and access equipment and worker performance in manufacture and assembly. This interactive customer service system has won Dell awards from Fortune Magazine, PC World Magazine, Windows Magazine, and Best Buy Stores as the number one computer firm in customer service. Third, Dell has a rapid-response system for linking all suppliers, workers, managers, and customers to Dell’s value chain. This interactive real time communication system is employed to order parts, manufacture and outsource computer modules, and coordinate assembly and distribution of products to customers. Managers employ this system for all human resource functions, workers and suppliers for all coordination sequencing and quality control processes,Show MoreRelatedApple vs Dell1622 Words   |  7 PagesBACKGROUND On January 24, 1984 Apple introduced the first commercially successful personal computer using a mouse and a graphical user interface[i].Since then the war between PC and Mac users has lived. Claims have been made that Apple is too expensive and PC’s are too slow and of cheap quality. After the introduction of Microsoft’s Windows in 1985 the PC market has been dominated due to Microsoft’s Windows operating system[ii]. The domination of the market is largely due to the flexibility of WindowsRead MoreApple vs. Dell Financial Analysis4095 Words   |  17 Pagesbetter satisfy their customers such as the alliance between Dell and Lexmark. Apple Apple was founded in 1977. Its mission statement is â€Å"Apple will be a leader in providing simple, powerful, high-quality information products and services for people who learn, communicate, and create†. Apple is distinguished by stylish product innovation and entrepreneurship. The Company’s products and services include iPhone ®, iPad ®, Mac ®, iPod ®, Apple TV ®, a portfolio of consumer and professional software applicationsRead MoreFinancial Statement Analysis Project Apple vs Dell5273 Words   |  22 Pagesbetween Apple Inc. and Dell Inc. Accounting and Financial Analysis Spring 2013 Done by: Table of Contents: * Introduction * Horizontal Analysis * Significant Percentages * Ratios * Inventory and Depreciation * Liabilities * Cash Flow Analysis * Audit Report Analysis * Investor Analysis * Conclusion Introduction Apple Inc. (Apple), incorporated on January 3, 1977, Apple s headquarter is based on Cupertino, California. Apple s mechanismRead MoreCase Study - Apple, Inc.1150 Words   |  5 PagesUNIT IV Internal Environment: Strength and Weaknesses 1. Marketing Distinctive marketing campaigns have been a strategy of Apple to attract customers and to spread the information among them. Television commercials, Print Advertisements, Posters in Public areas and wrap advertisement campaigns have been successful ways of outshining the new product. Apple continues to command a market premium for producing a â€Å"better mousetrap† throughout its history. Steve Jobs personally unveils all new productRead MoreMatching Dell - Case Summary1484 Words   |  6 PagesMatching DELL History: IBM Market Leader in Mainframe –market share 61%, starts PC business in ’81, in 2 yrs market share is 42% IBM Strategy : †¢ Purchase PC components as against manufacturing inhouse (Main frame) †¢ Open Architecture : OS – Microsoft, Microprocessor – Intel , reason, to encourage application developers and enhance Peripheral market †¢ Sales : o Largely corporate clients - thought its huge sales force o Retail clients through value added resellers –Read MoreCompany Overview Of Dell Computer Corporation1379 Words   |  6 PagesCompany Overview of Dell Computer Corporation Dell Computer Corporation has been an organized business structure since 1984. The company originated from the mind of Michael Dell who was a young entrepreneur eager to sell computers that were built to order. The following information is a Harvard business case study on Dells corporation. In this case study review I will report organizational and managerial concerns, support, as well as any disagreements I see as deemed necessary for the successRead MoreCorporate Level Strategy1199 Words   |  5 PagesAPPLE COMPUTER INC.: - CORPORATE-LEVEL STRATEGY REVIEW - A review on the strategy adopted by Apple Inc. at corporate level to ensure that the company remains at the forefront of the electronic media industry either in terms of innovation and range of products . EXECUTIVE SUMMARY An analysis was done on Corporate-Level Strategies adopted by Apple Computer Inc. (â€Å"Apple Computer†) that has brought tremendous success to the firm since it started. Apple Computer started off in 1976 by Steve JobsRead MoreAnalysis of Apple3319 Words   |  14 PagesTABLE OF CONTENTS 3 Apple – An Introduction 3 Macroeconomic Trends 4 Technical Analysis 5 Fundamental Analysis 8 Analysis of Financing Activities 8 Investments and Capital Budgeting Decisions 10 Industry Analysis 11 Performance Analysis APPLE INTRODUCTION Established in 1976, Apple ignited the personal computer revolution with the Apple II and the Macintosh. Today, Apple designs, manufactures and markets personal computers, portable digital music players and mobile communication devicesRead Morefin515 week 2 Essay1199 Words   |  5 PagesPeet’s: ($17.8 net income / $372 sales) = 0.04785 x 100 = 5% NPM c.  Which firm was more profitable in 2011 According to the results, Starbucks is more profitable by being at 58% GM and 11% NPM versus Peet’s at 20% GM and 5% NPM. 30. In mid-2012, Apple had cash and short-term investments of $27.65 billion, accounts receivable of $14.30 billion, current assets of $51.94 billion, and current liabilities of $33.06 billion. a.  What was Apple’s current ratio? Current Ratio = Current Assets / CurrentRead MoreAnalysis of Apple3308 Words   |  14 PagesTABLE OF CONTENTS 3 Apple – An Introduction 3 Macroeconomic Trends 4 Technical Analysis 5 Fundamental Analysis 8 Analysis of Financing Activities 8 Investments and Capital Budgeting Decisions 10 Industry Analysis 11 Performance Analysis APPLE INTRODUCTION Established in 1976, Apple ignited the personal computer revolution with the Apple II and the Macintosh. Today, Apple designs, manufactures and markets personal computers, portable digital music players and mobile communication devices as well

Child Abuse and Neglect - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 840 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/13 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Resource Item 1 The New York State Educational Department (SED) oversees the training requirements for mandated reporters. Some examples of fields that require this training to obtain there license is Medical professionals, teachers, and social workers. As a child care provider in New York State we are required to report abuse when there is a reasonable cause, such as Maltreatment or if the child is being placed in imminent danger. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Child Abuse and Neglect" essay for you Create order Some indications of abuse or maltreatment are: †¢frequent bruises cuts or burns †¢Fear or going home †¢Inappropriate sexual behaviors †¢Sexual victimization of other children Obvious malnourishment †¢Frequent absences †¢Stealing or begging for food When any concerns are suspected they must telephoned immediately to the New York Statewide Central Register of Child Abuse and Maltreatment (SCR) which is open 24 hrs a day seven days a week. Immediate Notification is required so that immediate intervention can be provided by the department of social services. The Mandated reporters are not to notify the parents before or after it has been reported. Telephone numbers to report abuse or maltreatment are as follows: Mandated Reporter (800)635-1522 Public Hotline (800)342-3720 The SCR will determine if the information being provided can be registered as a report. Once the report is taken you must be sure to request the Call ID. If it is found that they cannot register the report with the provided information it must be clearly explained why and you can also request to speak to a supervisor for complicated situations. When a report is registered at the SCR, the local department of social services is immediately notified for investigation and follow-up. A local CPS caseworker will initiate an investigation within 24 hours. CPS intervention consists of an evaluation of the child and other children in the home and the development of a plan to meet the needs of the child and family. If there is an immediate threat to the childs life or health, CPS may remove the child from the home. If a call to the SCR provides information about an immediate threat to a child or a crime committed against a child, but the perpetrator is not a parent or other person legally responsible for the child, the SCR staff will make a Law Enforcement Referral (LER). The relevant information will be recorded and transmitted to the New York State Police Information Network or to the New York City Special Victims Liaison Unit. This is not a CPS report, and local CPS will not be involved. The Social Services Law provides confidentiality for mandated reporters and all sources of child abuse and maltreatment reports. OCFS and local CPS are not permitted to release to the subject of the report. Information regarding the source of the report may be shared with court officials, police, and district attorneys, but only in certain circumstances. If a mandated reporter makes a report with earnest concern for the welfare of a child, he or she is immune from any criminal or civil liability that might result. This is referred to as making a report in â€Å"good faith. † The Social Services Law specifies that no medical or other public or private institution, school, facility or agency shall take any retaliatory personnel action against an employee who made a report to the SCR. Anyone who is mandated to report suspected child abuse or maltreatment and fails to do so could be charged with a Class A misdemeanor and subject to criminal penalties. Mandated reporters can be sued in a civil court for monetary damages for any harm caused by the mandated reporters failure to make a report to the SCR. The New York State Education Department (SED) Office of the Professions oversees the training requirements for mandated reporters. Some categories—including teachers, many medical professionals, and social workers—need this training as part of their licensing requirement. The training may be included in their formal education program. The New York State Office of Children and Family Services (OCFS) is proud to be a certified provider authorized by SED to offer mandated reporter training, and has developed a comprehensive curriculum with content customized to medical professionals, educators, law enforcement personnel, day care providers, and human services staff. All training offered through OCFS, including the new two-hour self-directed online training course, the two-day Training for Trainers, and satellite video conferences, is accessible at no cost to the participant at www. nysmandatedreporter. org. New York State Office of Children Family Services Capital View Office Park, 52 Washington Street Rensselaer, New York 12144 Visit our website at: www. ocfs. state. ny. us To report child abuse and neglect call: 1-800-342-3720 For information on the Abandoned Infant Protection Act call: 1-866-505-SAFE (7233) Mandated Reporters Hotline for making child abuse and maltreatment reports: 1-800-635-1522 In the day care I am employed at our program policy regarding my responsibility’s to report child abuse and neglect, I am to tell my programs director or any other administrator in charge what I have seen or have noticed, so they can make a report to the SCR.

Deflation Japan And The Bank Of Japan Essay - 1606 Words

Deflation refers to a situation where there is a reduction in the general levels of prices of goods and services. It takes place when the rate of inflation falls below 0 percent in that case the inflation rate is negative. Inflation decreases the real value of money while deflation raises the real value of money and this enables a person to be able to purchase more goods and services with the same amount of money than before (Hutchison et al, 2006). Japan as a country has really suffered from a long-lasting but mild deflation which started in the mid 1990s. Both the government and the bank of Japan tried to get rid of it by decreasing the rates of interests and ‘quantitative easing’. However, they did not create a constant increase in the broad money and so the deflation persisted .this paper discusses the deflation worries in Japan and in the bank of Japan in terms of equity and financial markets (Mikuni et al, 2003). The Bank of Japan’s (BOJ) near doubling the p urchase of shares belonging to Tokyo is making the investors to have worries on the central bank that it will dominate the financial markets , which will cause price distortions as it goes on greasing the economy. The Bank of Japan’s purchasing spree will make it harder for the investors to sift those companies which are good and those which are bad, and comes up with a lot of other problems such as making trading of equities to be more speculative, misallocation of capital and decreasing incentives for theShow MoreRelatedCase Study1380 Words   |  6 Pagescase we get an entire scenario about how the Japan deflation set in, what were the effects of the deflation on the economy as well as on the people of Japan. It also mentions about the various reasons because of which Japan was in such a tight grip of Deflation, Depression, Demographics and Debts Guides us through the steps taken by the government in order to curb this deflation. Imparts a great knowledge to us about the various economic terms like deflation, self-liquidating credit, Non-Self LiquidatingRead MoreBank of Japan and its independence1236 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ PROJECT ESSAY The Bank of Japan and its independence When I was doing research for the Project on the Japan’s lost decade, I have come across news articles discussing the change in administration of the Bank of Japan. There are discussions on how Abe Shinzo, the newly elected prime minister, has forced the Bank of Japan to adopt a more aggressive monetary policy. When I first read about these news, I can’t help but felt sorry for the current governor Masaaki Shirakawa. By constitutionRead MoreJapan: Past, Present, Future811 Words   |  4 PagesJapan: Past, Present, and Future After World War II, Japan was completely destroyed. The war cost Japan and many islands in the Pacific millions of lives and left much of the countrys industry and infrastructure in ruins. In 1947, Japan adopted a new pacifist constitution that emphasized more liberal democratic practices. After the Treaty of San Francisco was signed the Allied forces left the country and gave Japan the chance to rebuild itself. In 1956, Japan was granted access to the UnitedRead More Japanese Economy Essay example1312 Words   |  6 Pagescurrent state of the Japanese economy has much to do with a failure to adjust. In post-WWII Japan the countrys economy experienced a bubble economy. This era of high growth is very similar to that which the American economy experienced after WWII. A booming population and a new focus on industry were mostly responsible for the unprecedented growth in both countries. In the mid-1980s, Japans central bank reduced prime interest rates in response to what was then considered a moderate slowing. ThisRead MoreEconomic History Of Japan From The 1960 S Essay1619 Words   |  7 Pagespaper is to analyze the economic history and policies in Japan from the 1960’s on. After World War II, Japan needed a way to rebuild their economy. Hayato Ikeda’s Income Doubling-Plan was one of the driving forces behind the Japanese â€Å"Economic Miracle† (Fukui, 1972, pp. 327). The plan involved government stimulus in the form of purchases and investment. The increase in government spending and investment increased output. Furthermore, Japan began to focus its resources into key markets such as steelRead MoreInflation Is The Rise Of Priced Goods And The Fall Of Value Of Money989 Words   |  4 Pages1: Question 1: Inflation is the rise of priced goods and the fall in value of money. Deflation is when prices of good and services fall. We are concerned about both because they can harm the economy. In the video, â€Å"Inflation or Deflation?† by Merle Hazard, he asks if the banks will the central bank get traction soon or will it lose its grip? In regards to being in a recession, Hazard is questioning if the banks will be able to control what is happening or will it crash which happened in the GreatRead MoreThe Current Policy Rate Of The Central Bank Essay872 Words   |  4 PagesOn the other hand, the ZLB is a global phenomenon, â€Å"The main policy rate of the central bank is currently at zero (or close to zero) in 22 out of 34 OECD countries† displays the worldwide struggle of central banks since the global financial crisis (Wiederholt, 2015, 1). At the ZLB central banks must look at unconventional policies, however Japan shows us it remains extremely difficult to stimulate g rowth and inflation. In 1999 the BOJ introduce Zero Interest Rate policy (ZIRP) when it lowered inRead MoreJapan s International Business Environment Essay1352 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Japan is one of the most influential countries in South-East Asia and the world, despite being disconnected from the main land. Japan has a population of around 127 million people and has, as measured by Gross Domestic Product on a Purchasing Power Parity basis, the world’s fourth largest economic output. Moreover, Japan is a member of the United Nations, G7, G8 and G20 (CIA World Factbook, 2015). In this report the international business environment of Japan is analyzed from economicalRead MoreThe Economic Crisis Of Japan2154 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Japan enjoyed an Asia’s economic miracle that the world witnessed a country that started out poor and had become the second-largest industrial power during the postwar era. However, a large bubble economy had been irritated by the growth, especially in the stock and asset price markets, the economy suffered a near catastrophic crash caused by speculative mania(Hall and Von Wiesen, 2014). The Japanese economy has stagnated after the collapse of bubble economy. The economic situation hasRead MoreCan China Avoid Japans Deflationary Fate?1892 Words   |  8 Pagesexport them by weakening the yuan. The decision by the Peoples’ Bank of China (PBoC) to allow the currency to weaken in August sent shock waves around global financial markets, because it highlighted the risks of further escalation in the Great Currency War. Furthermore, the decision to at least contemplate devaluation to solve deflationary issues was viewed as mimicking the policies of the European Central Bank ( ECB) and the Bank of Japan (BoJ). The latter is an old hand at fighting the persistence

Back to the Future Past, Present, and Future Free Essays

string(56) " and all the way to 2015; the past, present and future\." Jeff Harber Professor Barnaby Palmer GLA 618 OL1: Film Music History 6 December 2012 Back to the Future: Past, Present, and Future Whether you are a movie buff or just a dude from the 80’s, there is a good chance you have seen the classic movie â€Å"Back to the Future. † Accompanied by an iconic cast and crew, the movie garnered so much popularity, Universal Studios pumped out three installments of the Trilogy –†Back to the Future 1, 2, and 3. With Steven Spielberg’s and Robert Zemeckis’ stamp, Back to the Future not only launched Michael J. We will write a custom essay sample on Back to the Future: Past, Present, and Future or any similar topic only for you Order Now Fox’s career, but undoubtedly changed movies forever. There is much to discuss and analyze about all three installments. These would include actor choices, spotting, direction, acting, and most importantly the soundtrack and musical choices for all 3. Considering all 3 movie plots jump from decade to decade, it can be analyzed literally from past, present, and future. Inevitably, Back to the Future’s success also led to several video game launches, a ride at Universal Studios in Hollywood and Orlando, an animated series, and even a comic book. Let’s go back to the year 1985, you and your bodacious friends want to hang ten with the dudes, so you guys catch a flick at the local cineplex. Your choices are Mask, Teen Wolf, or Back to the Future. You mean the guy from Family Ties? So you take your chances on Back to the Future. Good choice! Of all things, Eric Stolz, the main actor in Mask, was originally cast for the role of Marty Mcfly when production of Back to the Future began on November 26,1984. Stoltz was filmed for four weeks, but after seeing a rough cut, Steven Spielberg and the writer/directors decided that Stoltz had played the role â€Å"too seriously† for a comedy, and he was replaced by Michael J. Fox (Futurepedia). Back To The Future was written by Bob Gale and Robert Zemeckis, and mainly starred Michael J. Fox and Christopher Lloyd. The movie opened on July 3, 1985 and grossed $210 million at the US box office, making it the highest grossing film of 1985 (IMDb). The basic synopsis of Back to the Future 1, is about a young man named Marty Mcfly who accidentally travels into the past and jeopardizes his own future existence. With the help of an eccentric local scientist named Dr. Emmett L. Brown, he manages to travel back in time via a time machine made from a DeLorean. This was done by breaking the time barrier in what was called temporal displacement allowing it to travel along the space-time continuum. When the first script was made, a refrigerator was the planned prop for the time machine. Later Steven Spielberg decided he didn’t want kids trapped inside their refrigerators trying to play time traveling games (Funtrivia). Done carefully, Bones Howe (music supervisor) and Alan Silvestri (composer) gathered an array of perfectly fit songs to cater both the 1950’s as well as the 1980’s. The movie jumps from decade to decade throughout the movie, and makes it apparent when it does. The movie starts out when Marty is late for school, he gets on his skateboard and we hear a fantastic song by Huey Lewis and the News, the â€Å"Power of Love. Later in the movie, we hear another solid track by Huey Lewis entitled â€Å"Back in Time. † By the way, Huey Lewis makes a cameo as a judge. When Marty tries out for the school competition, Huey says, â€Å"hold it. hold it†¦ I’m afraid you are just too darn loud. † This is also considered diagetic mus ic in the film. Marty’s first time travel sent him to the year 1955. Marty, immediately, arrives at the Twin Pines Ranch, which was owned by Otis Peabody. Marty crashes into the barn on Mr. Peabody’s property which causes the entire Peabody family to wake up and come outside. Marty encounters many differences between 1985 and 1955, including a cleaner, less run-down ambiance in the Courthouse Square. While searching for a younger Doc Brown, he meets his father and accidentally interferes with the first meeting of his parents–being hit by his grandfather’s Chevrolet in his father’s place. While in the 1950’s, some of the songs we hear are such great classics â€Å"Night Train† by Marvin Berry, â€Å"Earth Angel (Will You Be Mine)† by Marvin Berry, â€Å"Wallflower† by Etta James, and â€Å"Johnny B. Goode† by Chuck Berry aka Marty Mcfly. Some people complained that Back to the Future was a racist movie because Chuck Berry was inspired by a white guy. Sometimes a joke is just a joke; but Chuck Berry liked it. (Davis). Finally we have the sensational score by Alan Silvestri. At times the score is adventurous, and at times it’s sad. The spotting is done just right to balance the dynamics of the movie. Also, there is a leitmotif that accompanies the movie, in fact, it accompanies all 3 movies of the trilogy, and never goes unnoticed. Upon the success of the first film, Robert Zemeckis (director) and Bob Gale (writer) agreed to do a 2nd movie. In fact, they also intended on a 3rd movie, and both the 2nd and 3rd Back to the Future were filmed simultaneously and released six months apart. Back to the Future 2, with a budget of $40 million, grossed nearly $331 million at the box office (IMDb). The characters of George Mcfly and Jennifer Parker were played by different actors from those in the first film, requiring scenes that overlap to be re-shot. Jennifer Parker which was originally played by Claudia Wells, and replaced by Elisabeth Shue in the second film. Claudia claims she turned the roll down when she found out her mother was diagnosed with cancer (Futurepedia). George Mcfly, who was originally played by the quirky Crispin Glover, was later replaced by Jeffrey Weissman. Crispin Glover refused to return to the trilogy due to salary disputes. Back to the Future 2 pans back and forth from 1955, to 1985, and all the way to 2015; the past, present and future. You read "Back to the Future: Past, Present, and Future" in category "Essay examples" Needless to say, Bob Gale and Zemeckis attempted to predict what 2015 would like and sound like. Some songs used in the 2015 scenes, were â€Å"Beat it† by Michael Jackson, â€Å"I Can’t Drive 55† by Sammy Hagar, â€Å"Mr. Sandman† by The Four Aces, and â€Å"Papa Loves Mambo† by the Perry Como. The filmmakers did do some research into what scientists thought may occur in the year 2015. Bob Gale also commented; â€Å"We knew we weren’t going have flying cars by the year 2015, but God we had to have those in our movie. â€Å"(Q A) The film was also considered one of the most ground-breaking projects for Industrial Light Magic. It was one of the effects house’s first forays into digital compositing, as well as the VistaGlide motion control camera system, which enabled them to shoot one of the film’s most complex sequences, in which Michael J. Fox played three separate characters, all of whom interacted with each other. Although such scenes were not new, the VistaGlide allowed, for the first time, a completely dynamic scene in which camera movement could finally be incorporated. The technique was also used in scenes where Thomas F. Wilson’s character (Biff Tannen) had to interact with a younger version of himself. (Zemeckis) Six months after Back to the Future 2 was released in the theaters, the Back to the Future team released Back to the Future 3 on May 25, 1990. Again on a budget of $40 million, this one cashed in at $244 Million. The film takes place immediately after the events of Back to the Future Part II. While stranded in 1955, Marty McFly discovers that his friend Dr. Emmett â€Å"Doc† Brown was killed by Biff Tannen’s great-grandfather Buford. Marty decides to travel to 1885 to rescue Doc and return to his own timeline. This time, Alan Silvestri had to create his soundtrack based in the year 1885. However, he still maintained the leitmotif throughout the picture. The years 1985 and 1955 are still relevant in the 3rd movie, and it jumps around. The popular group ZZ Top make an appearance, as they perform â€Å"Doubleback† during a festival in 1885. This was also considered diagetic —-performed for the actors and the audience to hear. Huey Lewis’ â€Å"Power of Love† is also heard again. In 1989, a video game, based on the original Back to the Future movie was produced for the 8-bit Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) by video game publisher LJN a subsidiary of Acclaim games. This has some similarity to the 1983 Atari video game E. T. where producers felt it would sell solely on brand association to the hit movie and the game designers were only given five weeks in order to produce a product to get it on the shelves for the 1982 Christmas shopping rush. Reviewers also cited that game as virtually unlike the film and was a major contributor to an economic downturn known as the Great Video Game Crash of 1983. There are only two songs found in the entire game. One is â€Å"Johnny B. Goode† which will play during the school dance that Marty is playing on stage and sounds close to the version heard in the film. The other song is a repetitive looping song that will play throughout the game in non-mini game moments. There are suggestions that the song is supposed to be â€Å"The Power Of Love† by Huey Lewis ; The News sped up and cycled differently. But it winds up sounding nothing like the actual song made famous in the movie. Nes also later released Back to the Future 2 and 3 as a single game in 1990. Back to the Future II ; III received largely negative reviews from critics. Stan Stepanic of Gamefreaks365. om gave the game positive remarks in regards to similarities with The Goonies II, but gave it a largely negative review due to the lack of a password or save feature coupled with its notorious length, although there was a code to skip to the second half of the game. Back to the Future II ; III’s length has often been cited as the game’s major weakness, Stan stating that it took him roughly six hours just to map it, and he spent so much time trying to finish it he act ually turned it off out of boredom. (Gamefreaks). Sega Genesis also released their own version of Back to the Future 3 in 1991. It was a lot different than the Nintendo version. However, it was just as unpopular, the opening level was nearly impossible to complete. Finally in 2010, Telltale Games released Back to the Future on PC and Mac; and later was also released on the Ipad and Playstation 3. This was given way better reviews than the predecessors, and remains the best game of yet. Ben PerLee from GameZone summarized his praise of the game by saying it is a â€Å"feel good cinematic experience that any fan of Back to the Future will want to check out, and everyone else would do well to check it out. GameZone) Back to the Future: The Animated Series was an animated series based on the Back to the Future trilogy as well. The series lasted two seasons, each lasting 13 episodes, and ran on CBS from September 7, 1991 to November 28, 1992, the date of the last original episode. Harvey Comics also published a series of Back to the Future comic books starting in November 1991. With the cover header reading †Å"The Adventure Has Only Begun! ,† the first issue featured Doc Marty in 1927 Chicago. On May 2,1991 the Universal Studios Theme park in Florida released Back To The Future: The Ride. It was a simulator ride based on the popular movie trilogy of the same name. It was a mini-sequel to Back to the Future Part III. Later at Universal Studios Hollywood, they opened the same ride on June 12, 1993 ; and then at Universal Studios Japan on March 31, 2001. The Orlando and Hollywood versions closed in 2007 (Futurepedia). Although Back to the Future creators Robert Zemeckis and Bob Gale had no involvement with the ride, they were consulted as to whether they â€Å"got Doc right†. The two responded with a â€Å"yes†. They have also commented that â€Å"it’s a great ride. In addition, references are made to a â€Å"Zemeckis-Gale diagram† and â€Å"Gale-Zemeckis Coordinates (Giveneyestosee) With the huge success of the Back to the Future Trilogy, you can see where a simple idea can turn into a big one. When you take risks on a new actor, and stamp something with a touch of great directing, production, and a great score —- you never know what could happen. Back to the Future will always remain a classic no matter what generation it leads to; whether it be 1955,1985, or even 2015. Works Cited â€Å"Back to the Future II III Review. Review. Gamefreaks365, n. d. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. â€Å"Back to the Future Part II. † IMDb. IMDb. com, n. d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. â€Å"Back to the Future: The Ride. † FuturePedia. Wikia, n. d. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. â€Å"Back to the Future: The Ride. † Giveneyestosee. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. â€Å"BTTF Trilogy. † The â€Å"Back To The Future† Trilogy. Funtrivia, n. d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. â€Å"Claudia Wells. † Futurepedia. Wikia, n. d. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. Davis, Cindy. â€Å"Pajiba. † Mindhole Blowers: 20 Facts About Back to the Future That Might Make Your Flux Capacitor Hit 1. 21 Gigawatts. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. â€Å"Futurepedia. † Futurepedia. Wikia, n. d. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. IMDb. IMDb. com, n. d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. PerLee, Ben. â€Å"Back to the Future: The Game Review. † Back to the Future – The Game Review. GameZone, 28 Dec. 2010. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. â€Å"QA Commentary with Robert Zemeckis and Bob Gale, Back to the Future Part II Blu-Ray, 2010. † Interview. DVD Blu Ray. N. d. Television. Robert Zemeckis, Bob Gale (2005). Back to the Future Feature: Making the Trilogy Part 2. Los Angeles: Universal Pictures. N. d. Television. How to cite Back to the Future: Past, Present, and Future, Essay examples

Forced Air Induction Essay Example For Students

Forced Air Induction Essay The Garret Aviation VNT-25 The idea of forced air induction by turbine, orturbo, is not new and has its mass production roots in WWII fighter planes. What is new, however, is its application to passenger automobiles. Unlike a nearconstant high RPM fighter engine, an automobile requires wide-open throttle (WOT)power availability throughout its entire operating range. Previous automotiveturbo applications acted like an on-off power switch with a five second delay,decreasing drivability, rather than providing the smooth linear powerband of anormally aspirated engine. Because the turbine is in a fixed position in theexhaust stream, it was plagued with sometimes uncontrolled production from thecompressor at high engine speeds, commonly referred to as boost creep, and asignificant decrease fuel economy versus a similar, but naturally aspiratedengine. The Garret Aviation produced VNT-25 solved all of these problems withits innovative Variable Nozzle Turbine. Hands down it is the most advanced turboever mass-produced and it was the first of its kind on production cars. One ofthe most talked about problems with turbo charged engines is the lengthy time ittakes for the turbo itself to accelerate to operational speeds. This is commonlyreferred to as turbo lag or turbo spool up time. Under WOT, turbo lag results ina seemingly underpowered engine that suddenly comes to life as a delayed tiremelting rush of acceleration. Previously, turbo lag was limited by decreasingthe size of the turbo itself. This resulted in lower rotating mass and moreimportantly, a smaller cross sectional area, which accelerated exhaust gasses atlower engine speeds. Although the turbo is able to spool quicker due to itssize, for the same reason its ability to move and compress large amounts of airefficiently is significantly reduced. Inherently a smaller turbo will produceless maximum horsepower than if it were replaced by larger turbo on the sameengine. Previous turbochargers also used a fixed position turbine that poweredthe centrifugal compressor directly. Because the turbine is located directly inthe exhaust stream, the turbine is a huge exhaus t restriction. This restrictioncreates a constant exhaust backpressure that decreases fuel economy even whenthe turbo is not in use. At high engine speeds, the restriction creates enoughpressure in front of the turbine (back pressure) that the wastegate can nolonger limit turbine power by bypassing the exhaust around the turbine. Theresult is that turbo compresses more air into the engine than is wanted. Forexample, a turbo was set to produce a maximum 12psi boost pressure, but during aperiod of sustained wide open throttle high engine speeds the turbo is nowproducing 14.5psi of boost and still rising. This unwanted phenomenon is calledboost creep. The VNT-25 solves all of these problems with an innovative turbinecalled a Variable Nozzle Turbine. Rather than a fixed turbine the VNT-25 uses aring of 12 moveable paddles aligned around a central, but very small turbinewheel. The entire exhaust charge is then directed to the small turbine by thepaddles. Moving the paddles varied the cro ssectional area that the exhaust mustpass through. When the paddles are nearly closed the exhaust is acceleratedtowards the turbine wheel to increase power. Decreasing the crossectional areaof flow accelerates normally slow, low engine speed, gasses and nearlyeliminates turbo lag while allowing a large and efficient compressor wheel forexcellent maximum engine power. Opening the paddles allowed the exhaust to flowslower and bypass the turbine to limit power. This unique arrangementsignificantly reduced backpressure, greatly improved fuel economy, and allowsexcellent control turbine power at sustained high engine speed, without the useof a bulky external wastegate. The Garret VNT isnt without its drawbacks. Inhigh performance applications it is a turbo that has little to be desired. Theengineers of this turbo, in their effort to reduce turbo lag as much aspossible, kept the compressor and turbine as small as possible. The smaller sizeof the turbine and the compressor decreases the si ze and therefore the weight ofthe turbo internals. Keeping the weight as light as possible reduces rotationalinertia to an absolute minimum, which results in a much more responsive turbo. .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d , .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d .postImageUrl , .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d , .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d:hover , .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d:visited , .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d:active { border:0!important; } .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d:active , .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u94ad880034e0b7c3fd70f54b37de133d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Room Of One's Own Essay Because the exducer, that is the compressor, is of a compressor type,operational speeds are very high. It is not unlikely for a VNT to reach maximumoperational speeds of 173 thousand revolutions per minute even though resting orcruise speed of the turbine is only 2000-6000 RPMs. It is thislatency of the turbo to accelerate to operating speeds that is referred to asturbo lag. Although the small size of the turbine is ideal for a moderateperformance car, its size is a handicap in racing situations. Inherent with asmall compressor is its ability to quickly reach operating boost pressure. Thisdoes not come with out a penalty. Effectively this small compressor tradesefficiency for speed. As any gas is compressed the temperature of it rises. Smaller compressors will tend to heat the compressed air more than would alarger turbo for a given pressure. Bernoullis principal states that as a gas iscompressed the temperature increases as the volume decreases. The inefficiencyof the VNT at pressures over 15 pounds per square inch increases the temperatureof the gas more than it is possible for it to compress, or decrease the volume. The result is that the increase in boost pressure is inversely proportional tothe volume of air moved. As the compressor works to decrease the volume of air,the rise in temperature works to increase the volume. Eventually the volume ofair is expanded by heat more than it can be compressed. The point at which thishappens is referred to as the stall speed. Because a larger turbo, although slowto respond, is much more efficient at higher pressures it will result in a muchcooler charge at a given pressure. A smaller compressor also cannot move largequantities of air at high pressures as would a larger turbo be able to. The sizeof the VNT, although ideal for 12psi as it was intended for, suffers greatly inhigh performance applications from stall speed of psi. The turbine also suffersfrom a small and compact A/R ratio. The A/R is the ratio at which the turbine orcompressor housing is cast. The A/R is the ratio at which the volume of thehousing as gasses enter the housing to the volume it e xits. For instance, thesize of connection on the intake side of the compressor is two and one quarterinches inside diameter and has a volume of 323 cubic centimeters until itreaches the compressor. The exit side is also two and one quarter inches insidediameter and contains a volume of 155ccs. The volume of each path to thecompressor is misleading and cannot be determined from the diameter of the exitor intrance alone. The intake passage is a direct and simple path to thecompressor cartridge. The exit, however, is fluted from the from a very wide andnarrow, almost rectangular, passage at the side of the compressor to a standard2 inch inside diameter round pipe fitting. This fluted shape insures that thespeed of the compressed charge is kept relatively high. The high speed maintainsthat the compressed charge is kept away from the compressor. If it were allowedto back up near the compressor, the compressor would have to work much harder tomove the already dense air. The result would b e that the clready compressed airwould be further compressed and heated. Although the small inlet and outletsizes contribute to increased velocity With the introduction of the GarretVNT-25 it is now possible for a small displacement turbo charged engine tooperate and perform nearly identical to a much larger engine. The ON/OFF switchof turbo power is gone and is now replaced by the safer, smoother, and much morelinear acceleration comparable to naturally aspirated engines of much largerdisplacement. A VNT-25 equipped engine also has the potential to, and usuallydoes, produce much more power than engines twice its size. However, withdisciplined drivers, it does not loose the fuel economy characteristics inherentwith small, normally aspirated engines when the turbo is not in use. The VNT-25combines the responsiveness of a small turbo with the efficiency and performanceof a much larger turbocharger. Simply stated, the VNT-25 is the idealturbocharger. It allows great power almost no tur bo lag, great responsiveness,retains engine and compressor efficiency, and allows excellent turbine controlfrom boost creep. BibliographyRalph C. Bohn, Angus MacDonald. Energy Technology. Fourth Edition, Peoria,IL: Macmillan/McGraw Publishing, 1992. Chrysler Passenger Cars Factory ServiceManual vol.1; Engine and Chassis 1990. www.alliedsignal.com/business/turbo/about_cas.htmlhttp://idt.net/~vnt4/vntrpt.html http://idt.net/~vnt4Physics